Stove



GEO. W. KENNISON, ORNEWBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,949, dated May 18, 1852.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. KENNISON,

of Newburyport, in the county of Essex and.

State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Stoves for Heating Apartments; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, letters, figures, and references thereof.

Of the said drawings Figure 1 denotes a front elevation of my improved stove. Fig.

2 is a vertical, central, and transverse section of it. Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal and transverse sections, the former `exhibiting the re place grate, the la-tterthe top of the fire chamber and its register.

In the said drawings B represents an upright lire pot cylinder or chamber having a grate E on its lower end and a register A or air opening and valve in its upper part. Such fire pot is made to stand on legs F, F, F, and within a chamber, drum, orcylinder H, which should be constructed so much larger in diameter than the fire pot `as to enable air to freely circulate between the two, and pass over the top surface of the register and down through it. Out o-f the upper part of the fire pot B, I lead a smoke discharge pipe D, and at the lower part of the drum H, Ilmake an opening for the admission of air and one for removal of ashes from under the grate, or in other words I provide the lower part of the drum with an opening, and closing doors a, a, (which opening and doors may be large enough to enable a person to remove ashes through the opening) and through one or both of the said doors I make one o-r more air inlets or openings to whichI adapt a closing slide or valve as seen at Z).

i Just above the topof the fire pot or furnace for combustion of the fuel I arrange a door and opening for the admission of fuel, such being seen at c, and for convenience of charging the lire pot with coal or fuel i I `make the top or cover of such fire pot to turn upon a hinge as seen at d.

The object of such a construction of a stove is to enable the fuelo-f its'fire 'pot or `chamber to be principally consumed by a downward draft ofhot air thrown upon the upper part of the mass, and a slight draft or current of air made topass upward through the mass. l

In the operation of the stove the air to supply combustion enters the drum through the air passages or openings at Z). While a Y small quantity of it will pass up through the grate and the mass of coal or fuel resting on it, a very `large portion of it will ascend through the space between the drum and the tire pot, and pass by and in contact with the heated external surface of the fire pot, which surface, to a greater oriless extent, is generally red hot in such a stove. Inso passing by such `heatedI surface the air receives aV large supply of heat radiated from it, which, as it ascends in the drum it distributes against the inner `surface of the top and sides of the same, such distribution of the heat preventing the air of theroom from contact with a red hot or charring surface and consequently any injurious effects thereon such as usually results from the contact of a burning or charring surface with air. The air having performed the office of distribution of heat descends through the register A and rushes downward upon the combustible gases arising from the fuel in a state of ignition and supplies such gases with the quantity of oxygen required to consume them and keep the upper part of the fuel on fire, so that it shall not only burn downward but by the upward draft be made to burn from the grate upward also.

I am aware that there is nothing new in the arrangement of al furnace or fire chamber within a drum, so that air `caused to pass into the said chamber may be heated by con- "tact wit-h the said furnace and afterward made or suffered to escape into a roo-m. In such case, the air that supplied oxygen to the mass of fuel was all made to pass upward and through the fuel and out of the disch-arge pipe, a conductor of such external air to the lire chamber being so made as to convey the air directly into and up through the mass of coal, without any of it passing into a chamber surrounding the lire pot. It will therefore be seen that stoves and furnaces for heating, which have air chambers for heating air and supplying it to rooms through orifices or pipes are essentially different contrivances from my invention, for in this latter the supply of air for the consumption of the fuel is all let into the -drum and made to perform three offices, that is to say, a portion of it passes up into the fuel; the remainder rises upward by the external sides or surfaces of the lire pot, when it receives heat, and distributes the same against the interior surface of` the sides and ltop of the drum. After doing this and being still in a heated state having parted with but a portion of its heat, it next descends through the register A, and mixes with the gases arising from the fuel, and aids them in their combustion so as to Cause the fuel to burn downward.

In a stove constructed on my improved plan a most perfect control of the draft and consumption ofthe coal is attained, with a distribution of radiated heat that renders the stove very pleasant and agreeable in its effect onv the air (of the apartment) that impinges against the external surface of the drum. It is therefore that my invention and what I claim consists in a combination of the following particulars or elements,viz:

l. A closedrum or chamber made with one or more air inlets and three closing slides or doors in its lower part, and a fuel opening and door at or near its upper part.

2. A fire pot 4or chamber of combustion,

placed within the said drum and having a grate in its lower part and a smoke discharge pipe leading out of it at or near an air register in the top of the fre pot, the

whole being arranged and made to operate together substantially as above described.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my signature, this fifteenth day of January A. D. 1852. y

Y v Gr. W. KENNISON. Witnesses:

C. B. STEVENS, WILLIAM M. PEARSON. 

